49. Conference League Wisdom: Kissinger’s Trading Philosophy – Henry Alfred Kissinger was born in Fürth, a medium-sized city near Nuremberg, a large city in northern Bavaria, Germany. Louis’ father taught at a local gymnasium and college prep school. The family valued education, but at that time young Heinz preferred soccer to studies. Like many Jewish families in Fürth, the Bussus family enjoyed a secure position within the community until the rise of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party. Louis Kissinger was fired and his family lost all German citizenship. The Kissinger family, like other Jews under the Nazi regime, was anxious to leave and faced the challenge of finding a country that would accept them. In 1938, the Kissinger family (mother, father, and two sons) was allowed to join the Nazi regime. To America via London. The rest of the extended family remained in Germany, where most died. Kissinger’s family, along with other German-Jewish refugees, settled in Manhattan’s Washington Heights neighborhood.
At the age of 15, Hines became Henry and devoted himself to his studies, but after George finished his first year at Washington High School, the family’s dire financial situation forced him to work full time in a brush factory. died. He continued studying for his diploma at night and after graduating from high school enrolled at the City University of New York to study accounting. He was academically advanced when he was drafted into the U.S. Army in 1943.
49. Conference League Wisdom: Kissinger’s Trading Philosophy
During his basic training, he became a U.S. citizen at age 20 and enlisted in his unit, the 84th Infantry, in time for the Battle of the Bulge. Senior officer Fritz Kramer, a fellow German refugee, was impressed with the young Kissinger and assigned him to the division’s military intelligence department. Private Kissinger volunteered for the dangerous mission and was quickly promoted to sergeant in the intelligence unit. He was responsible for reorganizing civil government in liberated German cities and was awarded the Bronze Star for his efforts in tracking down Gestapo agents and saboteurs. When Sergeant Kissinger was released, he was teaching at the European Military Intelligence School. After his discharge from the military, he continued to teach school as a civilian for several months.
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The G.I. Bill helped Kissinger return to college. He attended Harvard University and earned a bachelor’s degree in history.
1950. He stayed at Harvard University to obtain his graduate degree. After he received his master’s degree in 1952, he became director of the Harvard International Seminar. After he received his PhD in 1954, he joined the faculty of the Ministry of Government and the new Center for International Studies.
While teaching at Harvard University, Kissinger served as an advisor to the National Security Council, the Council on Foreign Relations, the RAND Corporation, the State Department, and the Office of Arms Control and Disarmament. As director of special research projects for the Rockefeller Brothers Fund, he met New York Governor Nelson Rockefeller. Kissinger became Governor Rockefeller’s foreign policy advisor and supported the governor’s presidential campaigns in 1960, 1964, and 1968. Although Rockefeller did not win the Republican nomination he had hoped for, Kissinger charmed the man who had defeated Rockefeller for the nomination. 1968, Richard Nixon.
After winning the 1968 general election, Nixon appointed Kissinger as National Security Advisor. When Nixon and Kissinger arrived in Washington, the United States was deeply involved in the Vietnam War and peace negotiations in Paris had stalled. During his campaign, Mr. Nixon promised “peace with honor.” During his presidency, President Nixon expanded bombing operations against North Vietnam while gradually reducing the U.S. role in ground combat. While President Nixon ordered an invasion of his neighboring country, Cambodia, sparking violent protests in the country, Kissinger focused on negotiating a ceasefire with North Vietnam.
Henry Kissinger 1970s Hi Res Stock Photography And Images
Although Nixon initially distinguished himself as one of the most anti-communist figures in the U.S. Congress, Kissinger prioritized the development of policies that:
, or reduce tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union. He initiated Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (SALT) with the Soviet Union.
Kissinger’s efforts drew criticism from both sides of the political spectrum. That comes from liberals who support early withdrawal from Vietnam and from conservatives who do not trust his work against China and the Soviet Union. Although Kissinger himself rejected this term, his foreign policy approach is often described as either:
, pursuing national interests based on immediate practical considerations, without being bound by fixed principles or ideologies.
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1973: Le Duc Tho and Secretary of State Henry Kissinger. Le Duc Tho, a member of the Politburo of the Communist Party of North Vietnam, joined the North Vietnam negotiation team as a special advisor. The Paris Peace Conference began in March 1968, but made little progress toward ending the war. In August 1969, Mr. Tow and Mr. Kissinger began secretly meeting at a villa outside Paris, France, to discuss a peace agreement. These closed-door talks ultimately led to his agreement in January 1973 to end the Vietnam War and restore peace.
Kissinger wanted to take advantage of the growing tensions between the two communist powers, China and the Soviet Union, by pitting them against each other. After the 1949 Communist Revolution, the United States did not establish diplomatic relations with the Beijing government. In the summer of 1971, Kissinger secretly visited China, eventually gaining full diplomatic recognition and beginning the process of integrating China into the world economy. In 1972, he arranged for President Nixon to meet with Chinese Communist Party Chairman Mao Zedong in Beijing. This was a seismic event in world politics. Kissinger and Nixon’s decision to “cut the China card” is widely believed to have led to increased Soviet cooperation in arms limitation negotiations, leading to the SALT I Treaty and the Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty.
1973: Henry Kissinger appears before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee for his nomination for Secretary of State, pledging to work closely with Congress to pursue a foreign policy of “lasting peace.” (Corbis)
In October 1972, Kissinger signed an agreement with North Vietnamese negotiator Le Duc Tho, and with the US presidential election just weeks away, Kissinger declared that “peace is on the way.” President Nixon was elected to a second term with an overwhelming victory in 49 states, and the Paris Peace Accords were signed by all parties in January of the following year. Kissinger and Le Duc Tho won the Nobel Peace Prize. Mr. Le Duc Tho refused to accept the award. Kissinger announced that he would donate money to the children of American soldiers killed in action or missing in action in Indochina.
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1975: Secretary of State Henry Kissinger and Egyptian President Anwar Sadat meet at the Sinai II summit, which results in the return of land in Alexandria to Egypt. (David Hume Kennerley and Getty Images)
It has long been clear that Kissinger has more influence over the president than Secretary of State William P. Rogers on foreign policy issues. During the first year of President Nixon’s second term, Mr. Rogers resigned and Mr. Kissinger became Secretary of State, retaining his position as National Security Advisor.
Another controversial aspect of Kissinger’s tenure was the administration’s policy toward southern Latin America. In Chile, the military overthrew the elected government of socialist President Salvador Allende, who supported communist Cuba. A military coup takes place in Argentina, ousting President Isabel Peron, widow of dictator Juan Peron. The CIA helped bring down Allende’s government, and the United States quickly recognized the new governments in both countries. In Kissinger’s view, the stability afforded by a credible anti-communist regime outweighed the dangers posed by unstable or openly hostile governments in the West. Electoral democracy has long been restored in Chile and Argentina, and the United States’ role in both countries’ histories remains a dark stain on world relations.
The biggest international conflict that occurred during Nixon and Kissinger’s second term was the 1973 Yom Kippur War. With the Soviet Union supporting Egypt and Syria and the United States supporting Israel, the conflict threatened to escalate into a conflict between the great powers. Kissinger helped persuade the combatants to accept a ceasefire proposed by the United Nations. When no agreement was reached at the Geneva Peace Conference, Kissinger began “shuttle diplomacy” to meet directly with Israel, Egypt, and Syria. His efforts ultimately led to a withdrawal agreement that established a UN buffer zone between Israel and its two hostile neighbors. The war damaged relations between Egypt and its long-time patron Russia. Kissinger used this opportunity to develop a relationship with Egyptian President Anwar Sadat. With Kissinger’s encouragement, Egypt gradually moved from the Soviet orbit to the American orbit.
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Dr. James D. Watson, co-discoverer of DNA structure and laureate
